Glucose - Fasting Urine

Also known as Fasting Urine Sugar

This test is for

Male, Female

Test Preparation

Do not eat or drink anything other than water for 8-12 hours before the test
Urine sample must preferably be the midstream urine (part of urine that comes after first and before the last stream). Collect the urine sample in a sealed and sterile container provided by our sample collection professional. Make sure that the container doesn't come in contact with your skin. Women are advised not to give the sample during the menstrual period unless prescribed.
Collect the urine sample in the sterile container provided by the phlebotomist. Allow a small stream of urine to flow, and then carefully hold the cup under the urine. Make sure the cup doesn’t come in contact with your skin. Women are advised not to give the sample during the menstrual period unless prescribed.

Understanding Glucose - Fasting Urine

What is Glucose - Fasting Urine?

This test measures the amount of glucose in urine after fasting. Glucose is a type of sugar that is normally not excreted in urine by the kidneys. High level of glucose in urine indicate the presence of diabetes or kidney disorders. You may need this test if you have symptoms of diabetes like increased thirst, frequent urination, blurred vision & fatigue. A pregnant woman during her 24th & 28th week may also need this test to check for gestational diabetes. This test is also recommended for the people having family history of diabetes or with known risk factors such as hypertension.

What is Glucose - Fasting Urine used for?

The glucose - fasting urine test is done:

To assess if a person is diabetic
To detect gestational diabetes in pregnant ladies
To monitor glucose levels in diabetic patients
To assess kidney function in diabetic patients
To monitor the efficacy of treatment in diabetic patients

What does Glucose - Fasting Urine measure?

The Glucose - fasting urine test measures the levels of glucose in urine during the period of fasting. The most common cause of high levels of glucose in the urine is diabetes. In diabetes, the way the body processes the glucose gets affected. The insulin hormone is responsible for controlling the metabolism of glucose in the blood. In diabetic patients, the body is either not able to make enough insulin or the body is not able to utilize the insulin produced. Due to this, the glucose starts to build up in the blood and the kidneys are not able to control it to release it into the urine.

The presence of glucose in the urine is termed as glycosuria or glucosuria. This could be due to side effects caused by certain medicines or problems in the kidney, such as renal glycosuria.

Interpreting Glucose - Fasting Urine results

Interpretations

High levels of glucose in urine indicate diabetes. However, it can also be due to side effects caused by certain medicines or kidney problems such as renal glycosuria.
High levels of glucose in urine in pregnancy indicate gestational diabetes.

Answers to Patient Concerns & Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Glucose - Fasting Urine

Frequently Asked Questions about Glucose - Fasting Urine

Q. What are the risk factors for Diabetes?

Diabetes can be caused by various reasons. The most common risk factors for diabetes include being obese or overweight with low physical activity, having a blood relative diagnosed with Diabetes, or having been diagnosed with hypertension. Other reasons which can cause diabetes could be low High-Density Lipoproteins or high triglyceride levels, being diagnosed with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, or having been diagnosed with gestational diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

Q. What are the symptoms of diabetes?

The symptoms of diabetes include frequent urination, unusual thirst, blurred vision, tiredness, repeated infections, and slow healing of sores.

Q. What are the common complications of diabetes?

Diabetes causes an increase in blood sugar levels. Increased sugar levels, if not controlled, can cause severe damage to the muscles and nerves. This may give rise to a number of complications over a period of time. Some common complications of uncontrolled diabetes include heart diseases like coronary artery disease, heart attack, diabetic retinopathy (damage to the retina) which may cause blindness, diabetic neuropathy (damage to the nerves) at various parts of the body. It may also cause diabetic nephropathy (damage to the kidneys) resulting in chronic loss of kidney function and diabetic foot which can cause foot ulcers that may turn gangrenous. Apart from these, uncontrolled diabetes may also lead to other severe conditions like hearing impairment, a number of skin conditions, and may even lead to death.

Q. How is the urine sample collected?

As the test is performed on the urine sample. It is essential to prevent contamination of the sample with microorganisms naturally present on the skin. During urine collection, women should spread the labia (outer lips of the vagina) while men should retract or pull back the foreskin (fold of skin covering the glans or head of the penis). Start urinating normally and let some urine flow before collecting 20 to 30 ml urine the sterilized container available from the lab or any pharmacy. After collecting the sample, finish urinating into the toilet or urinal. This process is called midstream clean catch method. The urine sample may also be collected using a catheter inserted through the urethra directly into the urinary bladder. Sample collected through a catheter usually has no contamination.

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