Bicarbonate

A bicarbonate test measures the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood. Bicarbonate is a form of carbon dioxide (CO2), a gas waste left when your body burns food for energy. It helps the body in maintaining its acid-base (pH) balance. The lungs and kidneys are majorly involved in regulating blood pH by removing excess bicarbonate. This test is done to diagnose an electrolyte imbalance or acidosis (excess acid) and alkalosis (excess base). Any disease or condition that affects the lungs, kidneys, metabolism, or breathing may cause acidosis or alkalosis.

A low CO2 level can be a sign of various conditions such as kidney disease, metabolic acidosis, and diabetic ketoacidosis. Whereas, an increased level of CO2 may point out to lung disease and dehydration.